We found and demonstrated that the originally designed protocol is reproducible, stable, and suitable for SiO2-based optical sensing transducers. Finally, to evidence the outputs from the SiO2 surface characterization, we used those SiO2 surfaces as optical transducers for the label-free biosensing of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). To endorse this protocol as a feasible method for biofunctionalization, we performed multiple surface characterization techniques after all the process steps: Contact angle (CA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry, and fluorescence microscopy. Even though silane chemistry is commonly used for sensing applications, here we present a different mode of operation, applying an unusual silane compound used for this purpose (3-Ethoxydimethylsilyl)propylamine, APDMS, able to create ordered monolayers, and minimizing fouling events. In this work, we describe a unique biofunctionalization protocol based on chemical surface modification through silane chemistry on SiO2 optical sensing transducers. Although biosensing capacities are shown in many cases, the performance of the biosensor is truncated by the inefficacious biofunctionalization protocol and the lack of reproducibility. Classical approaches seem to be effective but not efficient. The bioreceptor immobilization process (biofunctionalization) turns to be one of the bottlenecks when developing a competent and high sensitivity label-free biosensor. It fully proves that the detection system designed in this paper can detect the result of colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip in time, conveniently and accurately in different environments. Results show that this method can eliminate the influence of different environments on the test results, the test results in different detection environments have good stability and the variation coefficients are less than 5%. Finally, to verify the validity of the proposed method, various standard solutions with different concentrations are tested. Second, the calibration curves are established using standard black and white card, and the calibration values under different detection environments are obtained by calibration curves. First, the data of the green channel of the image captured by a smartphone are selected to be processed. The basic principle of the device relies on image processing. In this paper, a colloidal gold detection system without complex devices is proposed, which is based on smartphone usage along with a mobile-phone software embedded with normalization algorithms and a special designed background paper. Antigen detection strips (colloidal gold) can be widely used in novel coronavirus clinical screening and can even be extended to home self-testing, which provides a practical and effective way for people to obtain health status information away from the crowd. The outbreak of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection has become a global public health crisis. This study provides an important platform and a potential in vitro alternative model for assessing and predicting the health effects of health food. The constructed model has a favorable applicability in evaluating emodin. After emodin continuously was exposed for 48 h, the cell inhibition was obvious at 100 and 200 μM, and the number of dead cells gradually increased with the increasing of emodin concentration, and the difference of BUN was significant between the emodin group and blank group (p < 0.05). The results indicated that the repeatability of the constructed hepatocyte model was favorable, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 2.8%. The validity of this model was evaluated by cell proliferation activity and cell staining, and the toxicity of emodin was evaluated by a series of metabolic indicators on this model.
The mixed glue of a model with rat tail collagen type I (1.3 mg/mL) + gelatin (7.5%) was used to simulate the microenvironment of a cell. Our study adopted the microfluidic chip technique for the first time to construct a hepatocyte model of evaluating emodin, which was composed of a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HepG2) and microfluidic chip. The current cytological evaluation technique of health food raw materials does not entirely meet the needs of evaluating health food.
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